Equality vs Equity (Bình đẳng và Công bằng)

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EQUALITY (bình đẳng) và EQUITY (công bằng)

Illustration of Equality vs Equity (source: Internet)

Equality  (BrE /iˈkwɒləti/; NAmE /iˈkwɑːləti/) is defined as ''the fact of being equal in rights, status, advantages, etc.''. That means everybody is having the same rights or being treated the same as other people, without differences such as race, religion or sex being considered.

- equal rights/pay- The company has an equal opportunities policy (= gives the same chances of employment to everyone).- the desire for a more equal society (= in which everyone has the same rights and chances)
Equity  (BrE /ˈekwəti/; ; NAmE /ˈekwəti/) (UCN) (formal) a situation in which everyone is treated equally; synonym fairnessa society where justice and equity prevailopposite inequity(law, especially British English) a system of natural justice allowing a fair judgement in a situation which is not covered by the existing laws.
The rules of common law and equity are both, in essence, systems of private law.

accredit - appoint - designate - nominate - assign

1) accredit

BrE / əˈkredɪt /        NAmE / əˈkredɪt /

      verb

1 [ usually passive ] ( formal ) to believe that sb is responsible for doing or saying sth

~ sth to sb The discovery of distillation is usually accredited to the Arabs of the 11th century.

~ sb with sth The Arabs are usually accredited with the discovery of distillation.

She is accredited with having first introduced the word into the language.

2 [ usually passive ] ~ sb to … ( technical ) to choose sb for an official position, especially as an ambassador - Bổ nhiệm Đại sứ

He was accredited to Madrid.

3 ~ sth/sb to officially approve sth/sb as being of an accepted quality or standard

Institutions that do not meet the standards will not be accredited for teacher training.

2) appoint

BrE / əˈpɔɪnt /       NAmE / əˈpɔɪnt /

      verb

1 to choose sb for a job or position of responsibility

~ sb They have appointed a new head teacher at my son's school.

~ sb to sth She has recently been appointed to the committee.

~ sb + noun | ~ sb as sth They appointed him (as) captain of the English team.

~ sb to do sth A lawyer was appointed to represent the child.

2 [ usually passive ] ~ sth ( formal ) to arrange or decide on a time or place for doing sth

A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.

Everyone was assembled at the appointed time .

appointee

BrE / əˌpɔɪnˈtiː /      NAmE / əˌpɔɪnˈtiː /

      noun

a person who has been chosen for a job or position of responsibility

the new appointee to the post

3) designate verb, adjective

      verb   / BrE ˈdezɪɡneɪt ; NAmE ˈdezɪɡneɪt / [ often passive ] ( formal )

1 to say officially that sb/sth has a particular character or name; to describe sb/sth in a particular way

~ sb/sth (as) sth This area has been designated (as) a National Park.

This floor has been designated a no-smoking area.

~ sb/sth (as being/having sth) Several pupils were designated as having moderate or severe learning difficulties.

a designated nature reserve

designated seats for the elderly

2 to choose or name sb for a particular job or position

~ sb/sth The director is allowed to designate his/her successor.

~ sb (as) sth Who has she designated (as) her deputy?

~ sb to do sth the man designated to succeed the president

3 ~ sth (by sth) to show sth using a particular mark or sign

The different types are designated by the letters A, B and C.

      adjective

/ BrE ˈdezɪɡneɪt ; NAmE ˈdezɪɡneɪt / / BrE ˈdezɪɡnət ; NAmE ˈdezɪɡnət / [ after noun ] (formal) chosen to do a job but not yet having officially started it

an interview with the director designate

4) nominate

BrE / ˈnɒmɪneɪt /   NAmE / ˈnɑːmɪneɪt /

       verb

1 to formally suggest that sb should be chosen for an important role, prize, position, etc.

propose

~ sb (for sth) She has been nominated for the presidency.

~ sb (as) sth | ~ sb + noun He was nominated (as) best actor.

~ sb to do sth I nominated Paul to take on the role of treasurer.

2 to choose sb to do a particular job

appoint

~ sb (to/as sth) I have been nominated to the committee.

~ sb to do sth She was nominated to speak on our behalf.

3 ~ sth (as sth) to choose a time, date or title for sth

select

1 December has been nominated as the day of the election.

nominee

BrE / ˌnɒmɪˈniː /         NAmE / ˌnɑːmɪˈniː /

      noun

1 a person who has been formally suggested for a job, a prize, etc

a presidential nominee

an Oscar nominee

2 (business) a person in whose name money is invested in a company, etc.

nomination

BrE / ˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃn /     NAmE / ˌnɑːmɪˈneɪʃn /

       noun  [ uncountable ,  countable ]   

the act of suggesting or choosing sb as a candidate in an election, or for a job or an award; the fact of being suggested for this

Membership of the club is by nomination only.

He won the nomination as Democratic candidate for the presidency.

They opposed her nomination to the post of Deputy Director.

He has had nine Oscar nominations.

5) assign

BrE / əˈsaɪn /      NAmE / əˈsaɪn /

      verb

1 to give sb sth that they can use, or some work or responsibility

~ sth (to sb) The two large classrooms have been assigned to us.

The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children.

~ sb sth We have been assigned the two large classrooms.

The teacher assigned each of the children a different task.

2 to provide a person for a particular task or position

~ sb (to sth/as sth) They've assigned their best man to the job.

~ sb to do sth British forces have been assigned to help with peacekeeping.

3 [ usually passive ] ~ sb to sb/sth to send a person to work under the authority of sb or in a particular group

I was assigned to B platoon.

4 to say that sth has a particular value or function, or happens at a particular time or place

~ sth to sth Assign a different colour to each different type of information.

~ sth sth The painting cannot be assigned an exact date.

5 ~ sth to sb ( law ) to say that your property or rights now belong to sb else

The agreement assigns copyright to the publisher.

She has assigned the lease to her daughter.

Resignation (từ nhiệm, từ chức) and Dismissal (miễn nhiệm, bãi chức)

Resignation   - Từ nhiệm, từ chức  

BrE / ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃn /

NAmE / ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃn /

       noun

1 [ uncountable ,  countable ] the act of giving up your job or position; the occasion when you do this

a letter of resignation

There were calls for her resignation from the board of directors.

Further resignations are expected.

The defeat led to his resignation as team manager.

2 [ countable ] a letter, for example to your employers, to say that you are giving up your job or position

to offer/hand in/tender your resignation

We haven't received his resignation yet.

3 [ uncountable ] patient willingness to accept a difficult or unpleasant situation that you cannot change

They accepted their defeat with resignation.

Dismissal     - Miễn nhiệm, miễn chức

BrE / dɪsˈmɪsl /

NAmE / dɪsˈmɪsl /                                                                     

noun                                                                                                               

 example bank

1 [ uncountable ,  countable ] the act of dismissing somebody from their job; 

an example of this

He still hopes to win his claim against unfair dismissal .

The dismissals followed the resignation of the chairman.

2 [ uncountable ] the failure to consider sth as important

Her casual dismissal of the threats seemed irresponsible.

Dismissal of the last piece of evidence as unreliable would severely affect our case.

3 [ uncountable ,  countable ] ( law ) the act of not allowing a trial or legal case to continue, usually because there is not enough evidence

the dismissal of the appeal

4 [ uncountable ,  countable ] the act of sending sb away or allowing them to leave

5 [ uncountable ,  countable ] ( in cricket ) the end of the innings of a player or team

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Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 8th edition © Oxford University Press, 2010

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